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How do solar panels work?

Two installers from Dijkman Zonne-energie fitting solar panels on a flat roof with trees in the background

The sun is an important source of clean energy, and solar panels turn it into electricity. That cuts your energy bill and does the environment good. But how exactly do solar panels work? In this blog adviser Hans explains.

Two installers from Dijkman Zonne-energie fitting solar panels on a flat roof with trees in the background

Generating power with solar cells

A solar panel is made up of cells. In most systems those cells are made of silicon, a semiconductor. As soon as sunlight falls on them, electrons in the silicon are set loose and a voltage builds across the cell. When several cells are connected in series, current starts to flow, and that current is direct current.

The output of a panel is given in watts. Because the amount of sunlight changes from day to day, the maximum output of a panel is expressed in watt-peak (Wp).

Dijkman solar panel, feed-in payment

How solar panels work: the inverter

The panels are connected to an inverter. This electronic device turns the direct current from the panels into alternating current at the right voltage. The meter cupboard then sends that power to every socket, so you can use it.

At Dijkman Zonne-energie we mostly work with the Enphase inverter system, in which every panel has its own inverter on the roof. That means you no longer need an inverter inside the house.

Barn with a roof full of black solar panels under a blue sky

Feeding energy back to your supplier

During the day, while the panels are generating, you use your own solar energy. In the evening, when they generate nothing, you use energy from your supplier. The power you do not use during the day is fed back to the grid and set off against what you draw from your supplier, which is what net metering means.

Dynamic energy contract and solar panels

Getting the best out of your panels

You naturally want your panels to produce as much as possible. So how do they work best? The orientation comes first: panels facing south on a roof at an angle of about 36 degrees give the highest yield. We would also advise checking them for dirt now and then.

Would you like to know more about enjoying the sun without a worry? These six tips get the most out of your solar panels.

Aerial view of a shed with black solar panels in Raalte, next to a house with orange roof tiles
Hans, adviser at Dijkman Zonne-energie
Hans Adviser
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Want to know more about how solar panels work?

Then request a consultation with Hans.

Hans is an adviser at Dijkman Zonne-energie and is happy to answer all your questions about solar panels.

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Hans, adviser at Dijkman Zonne-energie
Hans Adviser

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